Size of the Solar System Lab - Astronomy 101 Essay

The Size of the Solar System Overview †¢ Become familiar with the scale of the planets vs. their distances. †¢ Get an overview of the solar system. Introduction It is easy to flip to the index of an astronomy textbook to discover that, say, the Sun lies 150 million kilometers away from Earth. It is far more difficult (if not impossible), however, to picture this distance in the human mind. In this exercise, we will learn to access the often unpalatable distances encountered in astronomy by simply scaling the huge distances to more recognizable, pedestrian numbers. So long as every distance within the system of interest is scaled by the same factor, we retain the meaningful information about relative distances between objects.†¦show more content†¦: Scaled radius of the Sun: 6.96 x 105 Km * (1 cm/6.96 x 104 Km) = 10 cm Scaled radius of Mercury: 2.44 x 103 Km * (1 cm/6.96 x 104 Km) = 0.04 cm Scaled Distance Mercury-Sun: 5.83 x 107 Km * (1 meter/2.87 x 108 Km) = 0.20 m Scaled radius of Venus: 6.05 x 103 Km * (1 cm/6.96 x 104 Km) = 0.09 cm Scaled Distance Venus-Sun: 1.08 x 108 Km * (1 meter/2.87 x 108 Km) = 0.38 m Scaled Distance Venus-Mercury: (1.08 x 108 Km- 5.83 x 107 Km )* (1 meter/2.87 x 108 Km) = 0.17 m |Table 2: Scaled distances | |Object |Radius (cm) |Distance from Sun (m) |Distance from Previous (m) | |Sun |10.00 | 0.0 |0.0 | |Mercury |0.04 |0.20 |0.20 | |Venus |0.09 |0.38 |0.17 | |Earth |0.09 |0.52 |0.15 | |Mars |.05 |.79 |.27 | |Jupiter |1.03 |2.71 |1.92 | |Saturn |.87 |4.98Show MoreRelatedAstronomy Lab1648 Words   |  7 PagesASTR 101 Size of the Solar System Name _______ Section __ Overview  · Become familiar with the scale of the planets vs. their distances.  · Get an overview of the solar system.  · 50 points are possible Introduction It is easy to flip to the index of an astronomy textbook to discover that, say, the Sun lies 150 million kilometers away from Earth. It is far more difficult (if not impossible), however, to picture this distance in our mind. In this exerciseRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages.................................................................................................. 97 Being Too General .............................................................................................................................. 101 Giving Too Many Details .................................................................................................................. 105 Being Pseudoprecise ...................................................................................Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespublishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions DepartmentRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRiver, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained fr om the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department

Stefan’s Diaries The Craving Chapter 18 Free Essays

There were two hundred blocks between the Richards’ mansion and downtown New York City. Just under ten miles. But moving like a vampire isn’t like running in a normal sense, especially as I had just drained one of the Richards’ goats. We will write a custom essay sample on Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 18 or any similar topic only for you Order Now If I was a blur to the world, so was the world to me. My head was down as I spent my entire focus on avoiding the obstacles right before me and trying to exhaust myself. Down from the rocky cliffs and heights of Fort Tryon with its cool trees, and through the valley that separated it from the rest of the city. Back into civilization, the unpaved dirt roads that smelled of dust and plants, particularly the tobacco I recognized from my native Virginia. After enduring a week of waiting and watching and trying to outthink my brother, I just wanted it to all be over. And now it wasn’t. Damon couldn’t kill Winfield until the cash was available, and who knew how long that was going to be. In the meantime I had to stay with Bridget, keep tabs on the Sutherlands, pretend to be happily married, and continue to try and figure out Damon’s endgame. I was caught in a web of guilt; every move of mine stuck another limb deeper. I just wanted to break free. I wish I could live in solitude. If I had to live out eternity as a vampire, at the very least I could leave no evidence of it. No deaths, no injury, no hurt, no evidence of my unnatural existence at all. I was running from myself, my new self, and could never escape, just as I ran from Damon, my shadow in this endless afterlife. The scent of nature soon gave way to the reek of sewage and rot that clung to even rich neighborhoods. In the alleyways behind the giant houses, servants dumped slop out into back streets and milk carts left fresh dairy products on back steps. All they would notice was a strange rush of wind, a vacuum that had been created in my passing, a momentary darkening against a brick wall like a cloud had passed over the sun. In the Garment District my nose was assailed by the harsh tang of chemicals and the singeing of fibers as young women cut, sewed, and dyed cloth in the factories that were beginning to replace the farms in New York City. Leaning against the fire escape with their sleeves pushed up, small clusters of these young women smoked cigarettes on their precious breaks. As I tore by one girl, cutting it very close, my tail wind snuffed out her match. I looked back to see her staring, confused, at the feather of smoke. Soon I was overcome by the smell of human flesh and waste. Of horse manure and flickering gas lamps. Of industry, print and ink and black smog, of the river, briny fish, and finally a fresh breeze. These were the only details of the city I took in, all sounds and sights muted to a roaring black and white. Expensive perfume and flowers. Butchered meat and smoky bacon. Lemon and ginger†¦ I stopped suddenly, in the middle of Washington Square. That was Katherine’s perfume. A hand clasped my shoulder, and I spun around expectantly. But instead of seeing the dark curls of the woman who had made me, I found myself face-to-face with Damon, who stood there, one eyebrow raised in condescending amusement. My face fell and I slumped, exhaustion and despair overtaking me. I didn’t even bother shaking off his hand. Where was I going to go, really? My brother had followed me all the way up the East Coast. So long as I refused to drink human blood, he would always be stronger, faster than I was. I was only delaying the inevitable by trying to escape whatever he had planned next. â€Å"It’s our wedding night, brother. Where are you off to?† Damon’s voice was sharp. Exhausted from my marathon of pain and escape, I just stood there. â€Å"I was going to come back.† Damon rolled his eyes. â€Å"I’ll get us a cab,† he said, snapping his fingers. One came over immediately. â€Å"Seventy-third and Fifth,† he ordered, through the trap door. â€Å"We’re going to the Sutherlands’?† I asked, confused. â€Å"Not the Richards’?† â€Å"We’re going home,† Damon corrected. â€Å"And yes, the reception’s over. You ran out at the very end.† â€Å"What did you tell Bridget?† I couldn’t help asking. While I didn’t love her, I felt bad about abandoning her at her own wedding. In some ways, it was the worst thing that I could do to a girl like her. Damon rolled his eyes. â€Å"Don’t worry. They don’t even realize you’ve gone missing.† â€Å"So you haven’t killed them yet?† â€Å"Whoever said I was going to kill them?† he asked innocently. â€Å"Do you think I’m some kind of monster?† â€Å"Yes,† I said. â€Å"Well, I am what you made me,† Damon said with a tip of his hat. â€Å"You’re not making this any easier,† I muttered. â€Å"You must have me mistaken for someone who cares about making your life easier,† Damon said, suddenly cold, his eyes flashing. â€Å"You know, you’ve taken a lot of effort to make sure you stay in my life,† I pointed out. â€Å"Are you sure it’s just to make me miserable?† He stared at me. â€Å"What are you getting at?† â€Å"I think you need me, Damon,† I growled. â€Å"I think that under your anger, you’re scared and horrified of what you’ve become. I am the last link to your human self, the only person who knows who you are. And I’m the only person for the rest of eternity who will.† Damon narrowed his eyes at me. â€Å"Brother, you don’t know anything about me,† he hissed. He threw the door of the cab open and swung himself up and out. A soft thunk indicated he had landed on the roof. I stuck my head out the window and looked up. I watched with horror as Damon picked up the driver and ripped his neck open, sucking only a mouthful or two before throwing him off the cab and on to the street. â€Å"Damon! Stop!† I yelled, but it was too late. I tried to dive out the door, to go after the injured man, but Damon threw an arm out and pushed me back into the carriage as he sped around a corner. Perched on top of the cab, mouth covered in blood, Damon whipped the horse into a frothing frenzy. And so we two brothers hurled northward, one driving and one being driven, like Satan compelling the damned. How to cite Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 18, Essay examples

Toyota Kirloskar Motors Jit Essay Example For Students

Toyota Kirloskar Motors Jit Essay Toyota Production System at TOYOTA KIRLOSKAR MOTOR PRIVATE LIMITED CONTENTS: 1 2 3 Introduction to Toyota Profile of Toyota Kirloskar motor. Toyota Production System practices in TKM. 4 Overview of TKM Logistics. †¢ †¢ Just In Time Kaizen- (Continuous Improvement in logistics) 5 Future â€Å"Supply Chain† Direction. TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION †¢ Established in 1937 in Japan †¢ 160 Countries 5400 Dealers. †¢ 26 Countries 46 Plants †¢ Sales of 15. 1 trillion Yen in March 2002 †¢ 247,000 employees worldwide. †¢ Manufacture of all types of Vehicles including Luxury Small Cars. Automakers ranking worldwide based on vehicle sales 9000 8000 No. of Units Sold (1=1000 Units) 2003 First quarter Result Toyota – No. 2 7000 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 GM Ford Toyota VW Daimler Chrysler PSA Honda Nissan Renault Fiat Company Toyota is 3rd Largest Auto Maker in the World TKM is the 14th almost the last automobile manufacturer to enter in Indian automobile industry TOYOTA KIRLOSKAR MOTOR PRIVATE LTD Establishment Location Start of Production Production Model Production Capacity Investment No. of Employees : : : : : : : 6th October 1997 Bidadi near Bangalore in Karnataka State Dec 1999 Multi Purpose Vehicle Passenger car 50,000 Units/year US$ 170 Million (Phase I) 2300 PRODUCTION / SALES 50000 40000 Volume 30000 20000 10000 0 Corolla Qualis 21086 28509 2000 2001 2002 1383 28989 Crossed 1Lakh cars in Sept 03 2003 9000 34000 COMPLETE VIEW OF TKM PLANT In-house facilities at TKM Press Shop Weld Shop Paint Shop Assembly Shop Inspection Area ISO 14001 WITHIN THE FIRST YEAR TPS AT TOYOTA KIRLOSKAR MOTORS IMPLEMENTATION OF TPS IN TKM TAKT UP (7. 5’ 7’) TAKT UP (9. 25’ TAKT DOWN START OF TAKT 8’) (7’ TAKT UP 8’) UP (10’ TAKT UP 8’) i TAKT UP 7. 5’) (12’ 9. 25’) (8’ 3000START OF SECOND t (9. 25’ 8’) TAKT DOWN s SHIFT TAKT DOWN (8’ 10’) 2500 / (8’ 9. 5) TAKT DOWN TAKT DOWN M (9. 25’(8’ 12’) 9. 25’) o 3500 n U VEHICLE QUALITY TREND 2000 n t 1500 h Just In Time 70. 00% 68. 00% Standardized Work GLOBAL TOYOTA LEVEL REFORM LEVEL IMPROVEMENT TKM 0 AS ON DATE MAINTENANCE TIME M-I-R START OF VOLUME PRODUCTION 1000 500 0 Dec- Jan99 00 Feb00 Mar- A p r May- Jun00 00 00 00 Jul- Aug- Sep00 00 00 Oct- Nov- Dec- Jan00 00 00 01 Feb01 Mar- A p r May- Jun01 01 01 01 Jul- Aug- Sep01 01 01 Oct- Nov- Dec01 01 01 Heijunka This is the average yield ratio of all the suppliers I. e. STTI, Visual Control Board Built in Quality GLOBAL YIELD RATIO COMPARISON This data excludes 15. 474 kg/veh of material saved by sending offals to supplierpartslikeNTTF,STANZEN QUALIS BASIC YEILD RATIO 66. 00% 64. 00% 62. 00% TPS 133W133W 797T 2 1 4 0 N 0 4 351T 143N 4 3 9 3 T 0 T 0 5 231T 0W 325N 316T 0W 3 T 0 T 7 6 4 9 415T4 0 0 T 0 395T 0W 2 186N 465N 4 153T 391T 9 0 4 T 6 1 5 0 T 5 0 T 7 8 652T 651T 6 7 0 1 T N 3 0 525T 828T 191N0 0 2 T T 9 133W971T 6 1 5 N 0 0 0 9 8 5 7 541T 8 T T 1 0 N 1 T 6 5 2 0 4 5 0 T 0 0 8 9 T T 5 0 8 477T 8 N 8 9 T 0 T 7 185T 7 277N 781T 0 T 8 0 T 60 3. 42%06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1. 6%00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 1. 48% 00 00 00 00 0% . 5% 0% 0% 5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 8% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0% 0% 0% 0% . . . . 61% 61%90 67% 69% 64%80 64% 62%80 68. 00%69%70 66% 62% 62% 68%60 65%67 61% 00%68% 65%50 63% 67%40 68% 68% 68%40 66% 62% 62%46 61% 61% 67%39 65% 61% 00%68% 68%20 66% 65% 65%20 60. 70%62. 00%65% 86%57% 40 40 62% 90 80 80 68% 80 80 61% . . . . . . . . . 79 69% 75 77 70 40 65% 60 62% 60 66. 50 50 64% 50 30 69% 40 40 40 67% 40 40 40 61% 40 40 30 65% 20 30 63. 20 20 66% 20 27 20 65% . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 60. 90 . . MODELS 60. 00% 58. 00% M OE ETYIDSNU0 I P VMNI E A AG R NL O 1 DTCLETDUNLEF FUL AAOLCEDRGI OO AI I N- F Q S Challenge Team Work Genchi Genbutsu Jidoka Kaizen OVERVIEW OF LOGISTIC OPERATIONS TKM’S Logistics concept †¢ Just in time supply †¢ Small lot high frequency delivery †¢ Palletised cargo †¢ Standardized packaging TKM SUPPLY CHAIN CBU LOGISTIC In 1993 worldwide illegal copying of domestic and EssayQTY/BOX 10 PACKING CODE : 55581- 0B010- 00 PB10123 516 SEQ NO 1 DOCK 01 PARTS READY FOR DESPATCH AT SUPPLIER SIDE (BANGALORE SUPPLIER CASE OPERATING WITHOUT CROSS DOCK) LOADING / UNLOADING USING FORK LIFT LABELS FACING OUTSIDE PARTS PALLETISED Parts stacking at PC Zone ready for in-house logistics: †¢Parts are stored at PC Zone at predefined locations Line wise or process wise. TKM Inventory Status 9 8 7 6 Stock in Days 5 4 3 2 1 0 Conventional System Kanban System -1~ 16 delivery / day Truck status control by wireless – Time control Safety Stock Avg 6 Hrs (0. 3 days) Safety Stock Avg 4 Hrs (0. 5 days ) Frequency increase with Mix logistics of TKM Suppliers Avg 2 Hrs TKM Current ( Y 2003 ) TMC Inventory of Bangalore supplier ( No Cross dock operations) JUST IN TIME JUMBIKI SYSTEM ( Sequential Procurement ) JUST IN TIME Jumbiki System †¢ System for total elimination of Inventory. †¢ System to supply Part s directly from supplier to Assembly line according to sequence of production. †¢ Suitable for bulky Parts with more variants supplied by nearby supplier e. g- Seats, Door Trims, Carpets (Araco) CENTRAL CONTROL ROOM (CCR) JUMBIKI SYSTEM Line In Based on Production Leveling Assembly ASSEMBLY LINE Information to CCR Fax to Supplier Receiving and Supply to Line Preparation at Supplier Transport to TKM Pre defined Time Scale based on tact time JUMBIKI SYSTEM CONVENTIONAL SYSTEM Model A Model B Model C Assembly Line JUMBIKI Model A Model B Model C Assembly Line For Model A For Model B For Model C A1 A1 A1 B1 B1 B1 C1 C1 C1 A1 B1 A2 A2 A2 B2 B2 B2 C2 C2 C2 TPS A2 B2 A3 A3 A3 B3 B3 B3 C3 C3 C3 A3 B3 Stock of each set Seats received from supplier in sequence of Production Plan JUMBIKI PARTS RECEIVED JUMBIKI SEAT AT LINE SIDE JUST IN TIME IN-HOUSE LOGISTICS JUST IN TIME INHOUSE LOGISTICS (Chorukyu System) WELDING SHOP CONVENTION SYSTEM TKM SYSTEM Manufacturing Manufacturing TPS A1 A5 A2 A6 A3 A7 A4 A8 A1 A5 A2 A6 A3 A7 A4 A8 INHOUSE LOGISTICS (SMALL LOT SUPPLY) INHOUSE LOGISTICS – ASSEMBLY SHOP SEQUENTIAL SUPPLY SYSTEM INHOUSE LOGISTICS – ASSEMBLY SHOP SEQUENTIAL SUPPLY SYSTEM SUPER FLEXIBLE ASSEMBLY LINE TKM IS CHALLENGING NEW CONCEPT OF SUPER FLEXIBLE LINE THAT IS MIXED PRODUCTION OF MPV (frame model) AND PASSENGER CAR (monocock model) ON SINGLE PRODUCTION LINE, BY QUICK LAUNCHING OF NEXT MODEL ON THE EXISTING PRODUCTION LINE. KAIZEN (CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT) Kaizen based on practice of manufacturing Shooter system to maintain perfect FIFO Before After †¢FIFO not followed †¢Mikara not established †¢Unsafe movement of F/L †¢FIFO achieved †¢Mikara established †¢ F/L movement standardized Kaizen based on practice of manufacturing Pallet, Dolly, Flow rack to reduce handling Before After †¢Double handling of Parts †¢Generates waiting time †¢Fatigue while parts picking †¢Direct supply of parts †¢zero waiting time †¢Workability improved †¢Space reduced (210 Sq. mt) Kaizen based on practice of manufacturing Combined Logistics Kaizen based on practice of manufacturing Collapsible Returnable packing The space saved by this kind of packing is used to transport service parts to dealers on the return journey Kaizen based on practice of manufacturing Kaizen in packing areas 1 Plastic Caps of hose flexible eliminated 2 Achieved 99% returnable packaging FUTURE DIRECTION E Kanban SERVICE SERVICE PROVIDE PROVIDE R R Supplier operations SUPPLIER S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S8 S9 CROSS CROSS DOCK DOCK S1 0 S1 1 S1 2 Download Kanban data TKM in-house operations TKM P In-house Bar Coded Kanban e Kanban information to Suppliers/ Cross Dock Kanban Room Store Cards Insert cards Store Parts Cross Dock operations CROSS DOCK S1 S2 S 3 S 10 S4 S5 W T A PC Z O N E S 1 S 8 S 2 S 9 S 3 S 1 0 S 4 S 1 1 S 5 S 1 2 S8 S9 S1 1 S1 2 Download Kanban data Receive Material 1st Step Mixed Logistics Mixed Logistics Concept Increase frequency Reduce lot size Purpose: 1) Share logistics between TKM Supplier. 2) Reduce lot, increase delivery frequency and finally reduce inventory. 3) Reduce transportation cost. 4) Mutual development and benefit between TKM supplier. Example Mixed Logistics Image TKM TKAP Mixed Logistics Closing word We live in an age of constant change ‘Todays perfection is tomorrows mediocrity’ We need to realise improve THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION